Script Effects As the Hidden Drive of the Mind, Cognition, and Culture.

• Superior document: Literacy Studies ; v.21
• Author: Pae, Hye K.
• TeilnehmendeR: Perfetti, Charles A.
• Place / Publishing House: Cham : : Springer International Publishing AG,, 2020.; ©2020.
• Year of Publication: 2020
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Series: Literacy Studies
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (267 pages)

Table of Contents

Intro -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Prologue -- Converging on Written Language -- The Script in Which You Read Makes You What You Are -- My Indirect Answer to Yali's Question -- Contents -- Part I: Oral Language, Written Language, and Their Influences -- Chapter 1: Language, Cognition, and Script Effects -- 1.1 What is Language? -- 1.2 What is the Relationship between Spoken and Written Languages? -- 1.3 Do People Think Differently According to the Language They Speak? -- 1.4 Does Language Affect Thinking or Does Thinking Affect Language? -- 1.5 What is the Impact of Literacy? -- 1.6 What Are Challenges in Research into Linguistic Relativity and Script Relativity? -- 1.7 About the Book -- 1.7.1 Scope (and Limitation) of the Book -- 1.7.2 Terminology -- 1.7.3 Intended Audiences -- Chapter 2: The Emergence of Written Language: From Numeracy to Literacy -- 2.1 Initial Written Signs -- 2.1.1 Plain Tallies -- 2.1.2 Complex Tokens -- 2.1.3 Tokens in Clay Envelopes and More -- 2.2 The Origin of the Alphabet -- 2.2.1 Cuneiforms -- 2.2.2 Hieroglyphs -- 2.3 The Road to Alphabetic Writing Systems -- 2.3.1 The Greek Alphabet -- 2.3.2 True Alphabet -- 2.4 Chinese Writing System -- 2.5 From Numeracy to Literacy -- Chapter 3: From Linguistic Relativity to Script Relativity -- 3.1 The Evolution and Dismissal of the Linguistic Relativity Hypothesis -- 3.2 Rekindled Interest in the Linguistic Relativity Hypothesis -- 3.3 Empirical Evidence for Linguistic Relativity -- 3.3.1 Studies of First Language Influences on Cognition among Various Language Communities -- 3.3.1.1 Color -- 3.3.1.2 Number -- 3.3.1.3 Time -- 3.3.1.4 Object -- 3.3.1.5 Nonlinguistic Representations -- 3.3.1.6 Other Areas -- 3.3.2 Studies of Cross-Language Influences -- 3.4 From Linguistic Relativity to Script Relativity -- Part II: From the Script to the Mind and Culture.

Chapter 4: The Alphabet -- 4.1 Classifications of Writing Systems -- 4.2 What Characterizes the Alphabet? -- 4.3 Strengths and Weaknesses as a Script -- Chapter 5: Chinese, Japanese, and Korean Writing Systems: All East-Asian but Different Scripts -- 5.1 Chinese Script -- 5.1.1 A Brief Historical Account -- 5.1.1.1 The Origin of Chinese Writing -- 5.1.1.2 Debate over the Origin -- 5.1.1.3 A Road to Modern Characters -- 5.1.2 Features of Chinese Script -- 5.1.2.1 Simplified Characters -- 5.1.2.2 Pinyin -- 5.1.2.3 The Number of Characters and Their Complexity -- 5.1.3 Strengths and Weaknesses as a Script -- 5.2 Japanese Multi-Scripts -- 5.2.1 A Brief Historical Account -- 5.2.1.1 Kanji -- 5.2.1.2 Kana -- 5.2.2 Features of Japanese Script -- 5.2.3 Strengths and Weaknesses as a Script -- 5.3 Korean Script, Hangul -- 5.3.1 A Brief Historical Account -- 5.3.2 Features of Hangul -- 5.3.2.1 Consonants and Vowels -- 5.3.2.2 Syllables -- 5.3.3 Strengths and Weaknesses as a Script -- 5.4 Commonalities and Differences among the Three Scripts -- 5.4.1 Commonalities -- 5.4.2 Differences -- 5.5 Asian Students' Performance in Core Subjects -- 5.6 Implications of the Script Differences for Script Relativity -- Chapter 6: The East and the West -- 6.1 Differences between the East and the West -- 6.1.1 Extrinsic Differences -- 6.1.1.1 Architecture -- 6.1.1.2 Clothing -- 6.1.1.3 Everyday Practice -- 6.1.1.4 Language and Script -- 6.1.2 Intrinsic Differences -- 6.1.2.1 Culture and Value Systems -- 6.1.2.2 Attention and Perception: Holistic versus Analytic -- 6.1.2.3 Problem Solving: Relation versus Categorization -- 6.1.2.4 Rhetorical Structures: Linear vs. Roundabout -- 6.2 What Makes the Differences between the East and the West? -- 6.2.1 Philosophical Underpinnings -- 6.2.1.1 Aristotle in the West -- 6.2.1.2 Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism in the East.

6.2.2 Characteristics Typically Found in Easterners and Westerners -- 6.3 Interpretations of the difference between the East and the West -- 6.3.1 Diamond's Guns, Germs, and Steel -- 6.3.2 Nisbett's The Geography of Thought -- 6.3.3 Logan's The Alphabet Effect -- 6.4 Toward the New Direction, Script Relativity -- Chapter 7: The Consequences of Reading: The Reading Brain -- 7.1 Ecosystem of Reading -- 7.1.1 The Reader's Mind (Microsystem) -- 7.1.2 Language and Script: Oracy and Literacy (Mesosystem) -- 7.2 The Cognitive Impact of Reading -- 7.3 The Reading Brain -- Chapter 8: Linguistic Evidence for Script Relativity -- 8.1 Theoretical Considerations -- 8.2 Universality and Specificity According to Script Features -- 8.2.1 Operating Principle (Alphabet vs. Logography) -- 8.2.2 Psycholinguistic Grain Size (Phoneme vs. Syllable) -- 8.2.3 Graph Configuration (Linearity vs. Block) -- 8.2.4 Symbolic Representation (Arbitrariness vs. Iconic Quality) -- 8.2.5 Graph Complexity (Traditional Characters vs. Simplified Characters or the Number of Strokes) -- 8.2.6 Multi-Script Representations (Phonogram Kana vs. Logogram Kanji) -- 8.2.7 Linguistic Components (Orthography, Phonology, and Morphology) -- 8.3 Cross-Scriptal Influences -- 8.3.1 From L1 Chinese, Japanese, and Korean to L2 English -- 8.3.2 From L1 English to L2 Chinese, Japanese, or Korean -- 8.4 Meeting Criteria for Causality -- 8.5 Toward the Script Relativity Hypothesis -- Chapter 9: Neurolinguistic Evidence for Script Relativity -- 9.1 Theoretical Considerations -- 9.2 Major Reading Circuits among Typical Readers -- 9.3 Neuroimaging Studies of Reading Alphabetic Hangul in Relation to L2 English Reading -- 9.3.1 Reading in Hangul and Hanja -- 9.3.2 Reading in L1 Hangul and L2 or L3 English -- 9.4 Neuroimaging Studies of Reading Non-Alphabetic Chinese and Japanese Scripts.

9.4.1 Word Reading in Chinese -- 9.4.2 Word Reading in Japanese Kanji and Kana -- 9.4.3 Word Reading in Chinese or Japanese in Relation to L2 English -- 9.5 Toward the Script Relativity Hypothesis: Biological Unity, Scriptal Diversity, and Cognitive Diversity -- Part III: The Digital Era and Reading -- Chapter 10: The New Trend: The Word Plus the Image -- 10.1 Images: How They Are Different from Words -- 10.2 Right Brain versus Left Brain -- 10.3 How Images Are Processed Compared to Words -- 10.4 (Indirect) Support for Script Relativity -- Chapter 11: The Impact of Digital Text -- 11.1 Reading and Writing in the Digital Age -- 11.2 Ink versus Pixels: Reading on the Two Media -- 11.3 The Effects of Digitally-Mediated Text on Information Processing -- 11.4 Script Relativity in the Digital Era -- Chapter 12: Conclusion: Convergence or Divergence between the East and the West? -- 12.1 Language as a Cultural Tool -- 12.2 Scripts: The Hidden Drive of Cognition and Culture -- 12.3 Conversion or Diversion of Cultures? -- 12.4 Toward the State of Complementarity and Harmony -- 12.5 Limitations of This Book and Recommendations -- Epilogue -- References.