The Role of Smallholder Farms in Food and Nutrition Security.

• Author: Gomez y Paloma, Sergio.
• TeilnehmendeR: Riesgo, Laura.; Louhichi, Kamel.
• Place / Publishing House: Cham : : Springer International Publishing AG,, 2020.; ©2020.
• Year of Publication: 2020
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (253 pages)

Table of Contents

Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- Introduction -- References -- Why Smallholders Remain Key for Food and Nutrition Security? -- The Role of Smallholder Farms in a Changing World -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Important but Shifting Role of Smallholders -- 3 Typology of Development Pathways for Smallholders -- 4 A Spectrum of Challenges Hinders the Profitability of Smallholder Farms -- 4.1 Limited Farm Size -- 4.2 Access to Financial Services -- 4.3 Climate Change -- 4.4 Price Spikes and Volatility -- 4.5 Access to Modern Markets -- 5 Smallholder Farms Need to Move Up or Move Out -- 5.1 Promote Land Rights and Efficient Land Markets -- 5.2 Enhance Risk Management, Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies -- 5.3 Support Efficient and Inclusive Food Value Chains -- 5.4 Close Gender Gaps and Develop Young Farmers -- 5.5 Scale up Productive Cross-Sector Social Safety Nets -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Importance of Smallholder Farms as a Relevant Strategy to Increase Food Security -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Trends in the Number and Size of Small Farms -- 3 Trends in Small Farm Livelihood Strategies -- 4 Why the Slow Exodus of Small Farms? -- 5 Prognosis -- 6 Some Implications for Food Security and Nutrition -- 7 Conclusions -- References -- Rural Development Strategies and Africa's Small Farms -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Green Revolutions as a Path Out of Rural Poverty -- 3 Scale, Technology Adoption and Global Food Supplies: Past Lessons and Future Prospects -- 4 Smallholder Resources in SSA as a Solution to Future Food Needs -- 5 Alternative Rural Development Strategies Based on Larger Farms -- 6 Revolution or Evolution? -- 7 Lessons from Farmers' Fields -- 7.1 Maize -- 7.2 Rice -- 8 Concluding Discussion -- References -- How to Support and Provide Opportunities to Smallholders?.

Inorganic Fertiliser Use Among Smallholder Farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for Input Subsidy Policies -- 1 Smallholder Access to Inorganic Fertiliser -- 1.1 Background: Common Perception of Low Inorganic Fertiliser Use in SSA -- 1.2 Challenge of Low Maize to Fertiliser Response Rates -- 1.3 Reasons for Low Maize to Fertiliser Response Rates -- 2 Implications for Input Subsidy Policy -- 2.1 Need to Clarify ISP Goals and Objectives -- 2.2 Improving Beneficiary Targeting -- 2.3 ISPs Versus Other Social Protection Programmes -- 3 Recommendations for Improving ISPs -- 3.1 Governments Should Clearly Communicate that the Main Goal of ISPs Is to Increase Maize Yields and Maize Production -- 3.2 Self-targeting Option No 1: Further Increase the Required Farmer Contribution to ISP Fertiliser -- 3.3 Self-targeting Option No 2: Pilot a Conditional Subsidy -- 3.4 Pilot Flexible Input Voucher (FIV) Programme -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Global Change and Investments in Smallholder Irrigation for Food and Nutrition Security in Sub-Saharan Africa -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Global Change and Transformation of Smallholder Agriculture in Africa -- 2.1 Global Change and Rural-Urban Linkages -- 2.2 The Imperative of Smallholders and Food Security -- 3 Methodology and Conceptual Framework -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Rural Irrigation Schemes Using Surface and Groundwater -- 4.2 Urban and Peri-urban Agriculture Using Wastewater and Groundwater -- 4.3 Big Data -- 4.4 Telecoupling and Irrigation Development -- 5 Discussion: Transforming Investments to Feed the Future -- 5.1 Investing in Small-Scale Irrigation and Complementary Infrastructure -- 5.2 Groundwater Development Policy -- 5.3 Investing in Solar Energy for Groundwater Pumping for Irrigation -- 5.4 Investment in Peri-urban and Urban Agriculture -- 5.5 No-Regret Investments for Managing Social Change.

6 Conclusions and Outlook -- Appendix: Indicators of Regional Change and Transformation in SSA -- References -- Smallholder Farmers' Access to Inputs and Finance in Africa -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Challenges to Smallholder Farmers' Access to Production Inputs -- 2.1 Limitations in Access to Secure Agricultural Land -- 2.2 Policies and Institutional Factors Hindering Farmers' Access to Improved Seed -- 2.3 Constraints to Smallholder Farmers' Access to Fertiliser in Africa -- 2.4 Access to Agricultural Finance for Smallholder Farmers -- 3 Strategies to Improve Smallholder Farmers' Access to Inputs and Finance -- 3.1 Improving Security of Land Access -- 3.2 Facilitating Access to Improved Seeds -- 3.3 Promoting Fertiliser Access for Farmers -- 3.4 Facilitating Agricultural Finance for Smallholder Farmers -- 4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Policies for Improved Food Security: The Roles of Land Tenure Policies and Land Markets -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Population Growth, Farm Size Distribution and Food Security -- 3 Expansion of Medium-Sized Farms -- 4 Increasing Landlessness and Migration -- 5 Land Market Development -- 6 Land Tenure Reforms, Tenure Security and Food Security -- 7 Conclusions -- References -- Revisiting the Contribution of Agriculture to Nutrition Security -- Transforming Smallholder Agriculture to Achieve the SDGs -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Achieving the SDGs and the Centrality of Small Farms -- 2.1 Poverty Goals -- 2.2 Nutrition Goals -- 2.3 Social Goals -- 2.4 Environmental Goals -- 3 Economics of Small Farms and Stages of Structural Transformation -- 3.1 Low-Productivity Agricultural Systems -- 3.2 Modernising Agricultural Systems -- 3.3 Commercialised Agricultural Systems -- 4 Transaction Costs and the Commercialisation Process-Interventions and Policy Options in Different Production Systems.

4.1 Farm-Specific Costs and Interventions in Different Production Systems -- 4.2 Household-Specific Costs and Interventions in Different Production Systems -- 4.3 Location-Specific Transaction Costs in Different Production Systems -- 4.4 Crop-Specific Transaction Costs in Different Production Systems -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Impact of Casual and Permanent Off-Farm Activities on Food Security: The Case of India -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Food Security and Off-Farm Work in India -- 3 Data -- 4 Descriptive Statistics -- 5 Methodology -- 5.1 Estimation of Mean Impact -- 5.2 Estimation of Heterogeneous Impact -- 6 Result and Discussion -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- The Superior Role of Agricultural Growth in Reducing Child Stunting: An Instrumental Variables Approach -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Model and Identification Strategy -- 2.1 Empirical Model -- 2.2 Estimation -- 2.3 Identification -- 3 Data -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Effect of Child Stunting on Sectoral Growth -- 4.2 Effect of Sectoral Growth on Child Stunting -- 4.3 Robustness Analyses -- 5 Conclusions -- Appendix -- References -- Conclusions -- References.