Aquaponics Food Production Systems : : Combined Aquaculture and Hydroponic Production Technologies for the Future.

• Author: Goddek, Simon.
• TeilnehmendeR: Joyce, Alyssa.; Kotzen, Benz.; Burnell, Gavin M.
• Place / Publishing House: Cham : : Springer International Publishing AG,, 2019.; ©2019.
• Year of Publication: 2019
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (620 pages)

Table of Contents

Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Part I: Framework Conditions in a Resource Limited World -- Chapter 1: Aquaponics and Global Food Challenges -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Supply and Demand -- 1.3 Scientific and Technological Challenges in Aquaponics -- 1.4 Economic and Social Challenges -- 1.5 The Future of Aquaponics -- References -- Chapter 2: Aquaponics: Closing the Cycle on Limited Water, Land and Nutrient Resources -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Food Supply and Demand -- 2.2.1 Predictions -- 2.3 Arable Land and Nutrients -- 2.3.1 Predictions -- 2.3.2 Aquaponics and Nutrients -- 2.4 Pest, Weed and Disease Control -- 2.4.1 Predictions -- 2.4.2 Control of Pests, Weeds and Diseases -- 2.5 Water Resources -- 2.5.1 Predictions -- 2.5.2 Aquaponics and Water Conservation -- 2.6 Land Utilization -- 2.6.1 Predictions -- 2.6.2 Aquaponics and Land Utilization -- 2.7 Energy Resources -- 2.7.1 Predictions -- 2.7.2 Aquaponics and Energy Conservation -- 2.8 Summary -- References -- Chapter 3: Recirculating Aquaculture Technologies -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.1.1 History of RAS -- 3.1.2 A Short History of Aquaponics in the Context of RAS -- 3.2 Review of Water Quality Control in RAS -- 3.2.1 Dissolved Oxygen (DO) -- 3.2.2 Ammonia -- 3.2.3 Biosolids -- 3.2.4 Carbon Dioxide (CO2) -- 3.2.5 Total Gas Pressure (TGP) -- 3.2.6 Nitrate -- 3.2.7 Alkalinity -- 3.3 Developments in RAS -- 3.3.1 Main Flow Oxygenation -- 3.3.2 Nitrifying Biofiltration Alternatives -- 3.3.3 Fine Solids Control -- 3.3.4 Ozonation -- 3.3.5 Denitrification -- 3.3.6 Microbial Control -- 3.3.7 Energy Efficiency -- 3.4 Animal Welfare Issues -- 3.4.1 Introduction -- 3.4.2 Stress -- 3.4.3 Accumulation of Substances in the Process Water -- 3.4.4 Health and Behaviour -- 3.4.5 Noise -- 3.5 Scalability Challenges in RAS -- 3.5.1 Hydrodynamics and Water Transport.

3.5.2 Stock Loss Risk -- 3.5.3 Economics -- 3.5.4 Fish Handling -- 3.6 RAS and Aquaponics -- 3.6.1 Welfare -- 3.6.2 Microbial Diversity and Control -- References -- Chapter 4: Hydroponic Technologies -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Soilless Systems -- 4.2.1 Solid Substrate Systems -- 4.2.2 Substrates for Medium-Based Systems -- 4.2.3 Characterization of Substrates -- 4.2.4 Type of Substrates -- 4.2.4.1 Organic Materials -- 4.2.4.2 Inorganic Materials -- 4.2.4.3 Synthetic materials -- 4.2.5 Preparation of Mixed Cultivation Substrates -- 4.3 Types of Hydroponic Systems According to Water/Nutrient Distribution -- 4.3.1 Deep Flow Technique (DFT) -- 4.3.2 Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) -- 4.3.3 Aeroponic Systems -- 4.4 Plant Physiology -- 4.4.1 Mechanisms of Absorption -- 4.4.2 Essential Nutrients, Their Role and Possible Antagonisms -- 4.4.3 Nutrient Management in Relation to the Requirements of Plants -- 4.4.4 Nutrient Solution Properties -- 4.4.5 Water Quality and Nutrients -- 4.4.5.1 Water Quality Management -- 4.4.6 Comparison Between Hydroponic and Aquaponic Production -- 4.5 Disinfection of the Recirculating Nutrient Solution -- 4.5.1 Description of Disinfection Methods -- 4.5.1.1 Non-chemical Methods -- 4.5.1.2 Chemical Methods -- 4.5.2 Chemical Versus Non-chemical Methods -- 4.5.3 Biofouling and Pretreatment -- References -- Part II: Specific Aquaponics Technology -- Chapter 5: Aquaponics: The Basics -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 A Definition of Aquaponics -- 5.3 General Principles -- 5.4 Water Sources -- 5.5 Water Quality Requirements -- 5.6 Applicable Fish Culture Technologies -- 5.7 Nutrient Sources -- 5.8 Aquaponics as an Ecological Approach -- 5.9 Advantages of Aquaponics -- References -- Chapter 6: Bacterial Relationships in Aquaponics: New Research Directions -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Tools for Studying Microbial Communities.

6.3 Biosecurity Considerations for Food Safety and Pathogen Control -- 6.3.1 Food Safety -- 6.3.2 Fish and Plant Pathogens -- 6.4 Microbial Equilibrium and Enhancement in Aquaponics Units -- 6.5 Bacterial Roles in Nutrient Cycling and Bioavailability -- 6.6 Suspended Solids and Sludge -- 6.7 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 7: Coupled Aquaponics Systems -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Historical Development of Coupled Aquaponics -- 7.3 Coupled Aquaponics: General System Design -- 7.4 Aquaculture Unit -- 7.4.1 Filtration -- 7.4.1.1 Hydroponics in Coupled Aquaponics -- 7.5 Scaling Coupled Aquaponic Systems -- 7.6 Saline/Brackish Water Aquaponics -- 7.7 Fish and Plant Choices -- 7.7.1 Fish Production -- 7.7.2 Plant Production -- 7.7.3 Fish and Plant Combination Options -- 7.7.4 Polyponics -- 7.8 System Planning and Management Issues -- 7.9 Some Advantages and Disadvantages of Coupled Aquaponics -- References -- Chapter 8: Decoupled Aquaponics Systems -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Mineralization Loop -- 8.2.1 Determining Water and Nutrient Flows -- 8.3 Distillation/Desalination Loop -- 8.4 Sizing Multi-loop Systems -- 8.4.1 Feed Input -- 8.4.2 Nutrient Availability -- 8.4.3 Plant Uptake -- 8.4.4 Balancing the Subsystems -- 8.4.5 Role of the Distillation Unit -- 8.5 Monitoring and Control -- 8.6 Economic Impact -- 8.7 Environmental Impact -- References -- Chapter 9: Nutrient Cycling in Aquaponics Systems -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Origin of Nutrients -- 9.2.1 Fish Feed Leftovers and Fish Faeces -- 9.3 Microbiological Processes -- 9.3.1 Solubilisation -- 9.3.2 Nitrification -- 9.4 Mass Balance: What Happens to Nutrients once They Enter into the Aquaponic System? -- 9.4.1 Context -- 9.4.2 Macronutrient Cycles -- 9.4.3 Micronutrient Cycles -- 9.4.4 Nutrient Losses -- 9.4.5 Nutrient Balance Systems Dynamics -- 9.5 Conclusions.

9.5.1 Current Drawbacks of Nutrient Cycling in Aquaponics -- 9.5.2 How to Improve Nutrient Cycling? -- References -- Chapter 10: Aerobic and Anaerobic Treatments for Aquaponic Sludge Reduction and Mineralisation -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Wastewater Treatment Implementation in Aquaponics -- 10.3 Aerobic Treatments -- 10.3.1 Aerobic Mineralisation Units -- 10.3.2 Implementation -- 10.4 Anaerobic Treatments -- 10.4.1 Implementation -- 10.5 Methodology to Quantify the Sludge Reduction and Mineralisation Performance -- 10.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 11: Aquaponics Systems Modelling -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Background -- 11.3 RAS Modelling -- 11.3.1 Dynamic Model of Nitrification-Based Biofiltration in RAS -- 11.3.2 Fish -- 11.3.3 RAS -- 11.3.4 Model Example -- 11.4 Modelling Anaerobic Digestion -- 11.4.1 Nutrient Mineralization -- 11.4.2 Organic Reduction -- 11.5 HP Greenhouse Modelling -- 11.6 Multi-loop Aquaponic Modelling -- 11.7 Modelling Tools -- 11.7.1 Flow Charts -- 11.7.2 Causal Loop Diagrams -- 11.7.3 Software -- 11.8 Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 12: Aquaponics: Alternative Types and Approaches -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Aeroponics -- 12.2.1 Background -- 12.2.2 Origin of Aeroponics -- 12.2.3 Aeroponics Growing Issues -- 12.2.4 Combining Aquaponics and Aeroponics -- 12.3 Algaeponics -- 12.3.1 Background -- 12.3.2 Algal Growth Systems -- 12.3.3 Algal Growth Nutrient Requirements -- 12.3.4 Algae and Wastewater Treatment -- 12.3.5 Algae and Aquaponics -- 12.4 Maraponics and Haloponics -- 12.5 Vertical Aquaponics -- 12.5.1 Introduction -- 12.6 Biofloc Technology (BFT) Applied for Aquaponics -- 12.6.1 Introduction -- 12.6.2 How does BFT Work? -- 12.6.3 BFT in Aquaponics -- 12.7 Digeponics -- 12.8 Vermiponics and Aquaponics -- References -- Part III: Perspective for Sustainable Development.

Chapter 13: Fish Diets in Aquaponics -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Sustainable Development of Fish Nutrition -- 13.3 Feed Ingredients and Additives -- 13.3.1 Protein and Lipid Sources for Aquafeeds -- 13.3.2 The Use of Specialist Feed Additives Tailored for Aquaponics -- 13.4 Physiological Rhythms: Matching Fish and Plant Nutrition -- References -- Chapter 14: Plant Pathogens and Control Strategies in Aquaponics -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Microorganisms in Aquaponics -- 14.2.1 Plant Pathogens -- 14.2.2 Survey on Aquaponic Plant Diseases -- 14.2.3 Beneficial Microorganisms in Aquaponics: The Possibilities -- 14.3 Protecting Plants from Pathogens in Aquaponics -- 14.3.1 Non-biological Methods of Protection -- 14.3.2 Biological Methods of Protection -- 14.4 The Role of Organic Matter in Biocontrol Activity in Aquaponic Systems -- 14.5 Conclusions and Future Considerations -- References -- Chapter 15: Smarthoods: Aquaponics Integrated Microgrids -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 The Smarthoods Concept -- 15.3 Goal -- 15.4 Method -- 15.4.1 The Energy System Model -- 15.5 Results -- 15.5.1 Flexibility -- 15.6 Discussion -- 15.7 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 16: Aquaponics for the Anthropocene: Towards a `Sustainability First ́Agenda -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 The Anthropocene and Agriscience -- 16.3 Getting Beyond the Green Revolution -- 16.4 Paradigm Shift for a New Food System -- 16.5 Aquaponic Potential or Misplaced Hope? -- 16.6 Towards a `Sustainability First ́Paradigm -- 16.7 `Critical Sustainability Knowledge ́for Aquaponics -- 16.7.1 Partiality -- 16.7.2 Context -- 16.7.3 Concern -- 16.8 Conclusion: Aquaponic Research into the Anthropocene -- References -- Part IV: Management and Marketing -- Chapter 17: Insight into Risks in Aquatic Animal Health in Aquaponics -- 17.1 Introduction.

17.2 Aquaponics and Risk: A Development Perspective for Fish Health.