Handbook of Pathogens and Diseases in Cephalopods.

• Author: Gestal, Camino.
• TeilnehmendeR: Pascual, Santiago.; Guerra, Ángel.; Fiorito, Graziano.; Vieites, Juan M.
• Place / Publishing House: Cham : : Springer International Publishing AG,, 2019.; ©2019.
• Year of Publication: 2019
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (234 pages)

Table of Contents

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- 1 Introduction -- Abstract -- References -- 2 Importance of Cephalopod Health and Welfare for the Commercial Sector -- Abstract -- 2.1 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Functional Anatomy and Histology -- 3 Functional Anatomy: Macroscopic Anatomy and Post-mortem Examination -- Abstract -- 3.1 Classification -- 3.2 Ecology: General Aspects -- 3.3 Fisheries and Aquaculture -- 3.4 Morphology and Anatomy of the Adult -- 3.4.1 External Morphology -- 3.4.1.1 Size -- 3.4.1.2 External Form -- 3.4.1.3 Integumental System: The Skin and Elements Contributing to Colour and Body Patterns -- 3.4.2 Functional Anatomy -- 3.4.2.1 The Shell -- 3.4.2.2 Respiratory and Circulatory Systems -- 3.4.2.3 Digestive System -- 3.4.2.4 Excretory System -- 3.4.2.5 Reproductive System and Reproduction -- 3.4.2.6 Sensory Systems -- 3.4.2.7 Nervous System -- 3.5 Post-mortem Examination and Recognition of Tissues Abnormalities -- 3.5.1 Necropsy and Post-mortem Examination: Preliminary Remarks -- 3.5.2 Sample Size -- 3.5.3 Euthanasia -- 3.5.4 Necropsy Procedure -- 3.5.4.1 External Examination -- 3.5.4.2 Internal Examination -- 3.6 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 4 Functional Histology: The Tissues of Common Coleoid Cephalopods -- Abstract -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Skin (Fig. 4.1) -- 4.3 Chromatophores -- 4.4 Cartilaginous Tissues (Fig. 4.2) -- 4.5 The Shell -- 4.6 Muscular Organs -- 4.7 The Mantle and Its Muscle Layers (Fig. 4.3) -- 4.7.1 Fins -- 4.7.2 The Funnel, the Closure Apparatus and Funnel Organ (Fig. 4.4) -- 4.7.3 The Arms and Tentacles (Figs. 4.5 and 4.6) -- 4.8 The Digestive System (Figs. 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 4.10, 4.11, 4.12, 4.13 and 4.14) -- 4.8.1 The Buccal Mass (Buccal Bulb, Pharynx) -- 4.8.2 Beaks -- 4.8.3 The Radular Apparatus -- 4.8.4 The Salivary Glands (Figs. 4.8 and 4.9) -- 4.8.5 Anterior Salivary Gland.

4.8.6 Posterior Salivary Glands (Poisonous Gland, Venom Gland) -- 4.8.7 Esophagus and Crop (Fig. 4.10) -- 4.8.8 Stomach (Fig. 4.11) -- 4.8.9 Vestibule -- 4.8.10 The Caecum (Cecum, Accessory Stomach, Spiral Stomach, Caecal Sac) (Fig. 4.12) -- 4.8.11 The Digestive Gland and Accessory Digestive Gland (Fig. 4.13) -- 4.8.12 Intestine (Fig. 4.14) -- 4.8.13 Ink Sac Complex -- 4.9 Blood and Circulatory System (Figs. 4.15, 4.16, 4.17 and 4.18) -- 4.9.1 Branchial Gland -- 4.9.2 White Body (Hematopoietic Organ) -- 4.9.3 Blood -- 4.9.4 Systemic and Branchial Hearts (Figs. 4.16 and 4.17) -- 4.9.5 Blood Vessels (Fig. 4.18) -- 4.10 The Respiratory System (Fig. 4.19) -- 4.11 The Excretory System (Fig. 4.20) -- 4.12 The Visual System (Figs. 4.21 and 4.22) -- 4.13 The Nervous System (Figs. 4.23, 4.24, 4.25 and 4.26) -- 4.13.1 Brain -- 4.13.2 Ganglionic Nerve Cords of Arms and Tentacles (Fig. 4.25) -- 4.13.3 Nerves, the Stellate Ganglion and the Giant Fiber System (Fig. 4.26) -- 4.14 Reproductive System (Figs. 4.27, 4.28, 4.29, 4.30, 4.31, 4.32, 4.33, 4.34 and 4.35) -- 4.14.1 Females -- 4.14.1.1 The Ovary of Octopus (Fig. 4.27) -- 4.14.1.2 The Ovary of Squid and Cuttlefish (Fig. 4.28) -- 4.14.1.3 The Oviduct -- 4.14.1.4 The Oviducal Gland and Seminal Receptacle of Female Octopus (Fig. 4.29) -- 4.14.1.5 Nidamental Glands (Fig. 4.30) -- 4.14.1.6 Male Reproductive Organs (Figs. 4.31, 4.32, 4.33, 4.34 and 4.35) -- The Testis (Fig. 4.31) -- Proximal Vas Deferens and Ependymus (Fig. 4.32) -- Spermatophoric Gland I (Seminal Vesicle) (Fig. 4.33) -- Spermatophoric Gland II (Accessory Gland, Prostrate) (Fig. 4.34) -- Distal Vas Deferens (Transition to the Needham's Sac) -- Needham's (Spermatophoric) Sac, Spermatophores and Penis (Fig. 4.35) -- Spermatophores -- Terminal Organ or Penis -- 4.15 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- References.

5 Tissues of Paralarvae and Juvenile Cephalopods -- Abstract -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Skin and the Body Wall (Fig. 5.1) -- 5.3 Musculature (Fig. 5.2) -- 5.4 Shell (Fig. 5.3) -- 5.4.1 Chitinous Pen (L. vulgaris) -- 5.4.2 Calcified Shell (S. officinalis) -- 5.5 The Digestive System (Figs. 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8 and 5.9) -- 5.5.1 Annex Glands -- 5.6 Circulatory System (Fig. 5.10) -- 5.6.1 Branchial Glands -- 5.6.2 White Body (Hematopoietic Organ) -- 5.6.3 Systemic and Branchial Hearts -- 5.7 The Respiratory System (Figs. 5.10 and 5.11) -- 5.8 The Excretory System (Fig. 5.12) -- 5.8.1 Renal Appendages -- 5.8.2 Digestive Appendages -- 5.8.3 Branchial Heart Appendages or Pericardial Glands -- 5.8.4 Ink Gland Complex (Fig. 5.13) -- 5.8.5 Ink Sac -- 5.8.6 Funnel Organ -- 5.9 Central Nervous System or Brain (Fig. 5.14) -- 5.10 Sensory System (Figs. 5.16 and 5.17) -- 5.10.1 The Visual System (Fig. 5.16) -- 5.10.2 The Statocysts (Fig. 5.18) -- 5.11 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Pathogens and Related Diseases -- 6 Cephalopod Diseases Caused by Fungi and Labyrinthulomycetes -- Abstract -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Thraustochytrid/Aplanochytrid Infections in Cephalopods -- 6.3 Diagnosing a Labyrinthulomycete Infection Using Electron and Light Microscopy -- 6.4 Implications of Labyrinthulomycete Infections for Cephalopod Production -- 6.5 Infections Caused by Organisms Still Classified as Fungi -- 6.6 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 7 Virus and Virus-like Particles Affecting Cephalopods -- Abstract -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Iridoviridae -- 7.3 Reoviridae -- 7.4 Nodaviridae -- 7.5 Unclassified Viruses -- 7.6 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 8 Bacteria-Affecting Cephalopods -- Abstract -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Potential Pathogenic Bacteria for Larval Development Stages -- 8.2.1 Microbial Community Counts.

8.2.1.1 Water Samples -- 8.2.1.2 Microbial Counts -- 8.2.2 Characterization of Culturable Bacteria Associated with Octopus Paralarvae Culture -- 8.2.2.1 Phenotypical Characterization -- 8.2.2.2 Molecular Characterization -- 8.2.3 Pathogenicity of Culturable Bacteria Associated with Octopus Paralarvae Culture -- 8.3 Potential Pathogenic Bacteria for Juvenile and Adults -- 8.3.1 Miscellaneous Bacteria Associated with Skin Lesions -- 8.3.2 Miscellaneous Bacteria Associated with Eye Damages or Associated Tissues -- 8.3.3 Rickettsial-like Organisms (RLO) -- 8.4 Pathogenic Bacteria for Adults -- 8.4.1 Vibrio lentus -- 8.5 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 9 Protist (Coccidia) and Related Diseases -- Abstract -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Etiology and Epidemiology -- 9.3 Pathogenesis -- 9.4 Diagnosis -- 9.5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 10 Protist (Ciliates) and Related Diseases -- Abstract -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Ancistrocomidae (Chatton and Lwoff 1931) -- 10.3 Opalinopsidae Hartog (1906) (Synonyms: Chromidinida, Chromidinidae) -- 10.3.1 Opalinopsis, Parasites of the Liver of Cephalopods, in Europe -- 10.3.1.1 Opalinopsis sepiolae (Foettinger 1881) -- 10.3.1.2 Opalinopsis octopi (Foettinger 1881) -- 10.3.2 Chromidina in Europe -- 10.3.2.1 Chromidina elegans Foettinger (1881) (Synonym: Benedenia elegans) -- 10.3.2.2 Chromidina coronata -- 10.4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 11 Dicyemids -- Abstract -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Life Cycle -- 11.3 General Morphology -- 11.4 Relationship with Cephalopods -- 11.5 Systematic Position -- 11.6 Diversity of Dicyemids in Europe -- 11.7 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 12 Metazoa and Related Diseases -- Abstract -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Metazoan Parasites as Pathogens -- 12.2.1 Trematodes -- 12.2.2 Cestodes -- 12.2.3 Nematodes -- 12.2.4 Crustaceans.

12.3 New Coming Challenges -- 12.3.1 Seafood Security -- 12.3.2 Seafood Safety -- 12.4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 13 Aquarium Maintenance Related Diseases -- Abstract -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Mechanical (Physical) Damage Related Pathologies -- 13.2.1 Skin Wounds -- 13.2.1.1 Mantle and Arms -- 13.2.1.2 Eyes -- 13.2.2 Shell Wounds/Fracture -- 13.3 Egg Infections and Cephalopods Malformations -- 13.4 Chemical (Water Quality) Damage Related Pathologies -- 13.5 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 14 Regeneration and Healing -- Abstract -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.1.1 Skin and Tissue Damage in Wild Animals: From Healing to Regeneration -- 14.2 Skin and Tissue Damage After Experimentally Induced Injury -- 14.3 Arm Regeneration -- 14.4 Pallial Nerve Degeneration and Regeneration -- 14.5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 15 Other Disorders -- Abstract -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Neoplasia and Tumors -- 15.3 Inflammation -- 15.4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 16 Cephalopod Senescence and Parasitology -- Abstract -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Other Signs of Cephalopod Senescence -- 16.3 Parasitology and Senescence -- 16.4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 17 Pathogens and Related Diseases in Non-European Cephalopods: Central and South America -- Abstract -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Pathogens and Related Diseases in the Mexican Four-Eyed Octopus Octopus Maya -- 17.3 Pathogens and Related Diseases in the Jumbo Squid Dosidicus Gigas -- 17.4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 18 Pathogens and Related Diseases in Non-European Cephalopods: Asia. A Preliminary Review -- Abstract -- 18.1 Introduction -- 18.2 Aggregata Sp. -- 18.3 Anisakidae -- 18.4 Octopicola -- 18.5 Other Abnormalities -- 18.6 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- References.