Primary Angioplasty : : A Practical Guide.

• Author: Watson, Timothy J.
• TeilnehmendeR: Ong, Paul Jl.; Tcheng, James E.
• Place / Publishing House: Singapore : : Springer Singapore Pte. Limited,, 2018.; ©2018.
• Year of Publication: 2018
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (339 pages)

Table of Contents

Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- About the Editors -- 1: Historical Perspectives on Management of Acute Myocardial Infarction -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Angina Pectoris as a Clinical Entity -- 1.3 Development of the Electrocardiogram -- 1.4 Evolving Concepts in Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction -- 1.5 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and External Defibrillation -- 1.6 The Coronary Care Unit -- 1.7 Concept of Reduction of Infarct Size -- 1.8 Advent of Thrombolysis and Role of Aspirin -- 1.9 Coronary Angiography and Percutaneous Revascularization -- 1.10 Progress of Adjunctive Pharmacotherapy -- 1.10.1 Beta Blockade -- 1.10.2 ACE Inhibitors -- 1.10.3 HMG Co-A Reductase Inhibitors -- 1.10.4 Thienopyridines -- 1.10.5 Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors -- References -- 2: Prehospital Diagnosis and Management of Acute Myocardial Infarction -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Activation of Emergency Services -- 2.2.1 The Call for Help -- 2.2.2 First Medical Contact -- 2.3 Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction -- 2.3.1 History and Examination -- 2.3.2 ECG Diagnosis -- 2.3.3 Cardiac Biomarkers -- 2.4 Prehospital Treatment of Myocardial Infarction -- 2.4.1 Principles of Prehospital Therapy -- 2.4.2 Antiplatelet Therapy -- 2.4.3 Anticoagulants -- 2.4.4 GP IIb/IIIa Inhibitors -- 2.4.5 Fibrinolytic Therapy -- 2.4.6 Role of PCI After Fibrinolytic Therapy -- 2.4.7 Safe Transfer to the Heart Attack Centre -- 2.4.8 Oxygen Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction -- 2.5 Summary -- References -- 3: Primary Angioplasty: Efficacy and Outcomes -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Treatment of STEMI -- 3.3 Fibrinolytic Therapy -- 3.4 Late Presentation PPCI -- 3.5 Door-To-Balloon Time (D2B) -- 3.6 Time from First Medical Contact with the Healthcare System (System Delay) -- 3.7 Direct Transfer from the Community.

3.8 The Door-In to Door-Out (DIDO) Time -- 3.9 Non-system Factors Leading to Delay -- 3.10 What Is New in the ESC 2017 Guidelines on AMI-STEMI? New/Revised Concepts -- 3.11 Summary -- Further Readings -- 4: ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Networks and Logistics: Rural and Urban -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Organisation of a Regional ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Network -- 4.3 Emergency Medical Service -- 4.4 Primary Care Service or Non-primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Centre -- 4.5 Emergency Department at a Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Centre -- 4.6 Cardiac Catheterisation Laboratory -- 4.7 Implementation of a Regional ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction Network -- 4.8 Quality Control -- 4.9 Case Study -- 4.10 Summary -- Further Readings -- 5: Utilization of PCI After Fibrinolysis -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Fibrinolytic Therapy -- 5.3 PCI-Based Approaches -- 5.3.1 Rescue PCI -- 5.3.2 Facilitated PCI -- 5.3.3 Pharmacoinvasive -- 5.4 Antiplatelet Therapy as Adjunct to Fibrinolysis -- 5.5 Optimal Timing of PCI After Fibrinolytic Therapy -- References -- 6: Catheter Laboratory Design, Staffing and Training -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Personnel: The "Cath Laboratory Team" -- 6.2.1 Education -- 6.2.2 The Workforce -- 6.2.2.1 Nursing Staff -- 6.2.2.2 Allied Healthcare Professionals -- 6.2.2.3 Radiographer -- 6.2.2.4 Physiologist -- 6.2.3 Structure and Location of the Catheter Laboratory -- 6.2.3.1 Location -- 6.2.3.2 Staff Facilities -- 6.2.4 The Catheter Laboratory -- 6.2.4.1 Entrance -- 6.2.4.2 Control Room -- 6.2.5 The Procedure Room -- 6.2.5.1 Safe Practice -- 6.2.5.2 Clinical Preparation Areas -- 6.2.5.3 Radiation -- 6.3 Protective Equipment -- 6.3.1 Lead Gowns -- 6.4 Equipment -- 6.4.1 X-Ray Equipment -- 6.4.1.1 Image Intensifier -- 6.4.1.2 Examination Table.

6.4.1.3 Monitors -- 6.4.1.4 Work Surfaces -- 6.4.2 Storage -- 6.4.2.1 Drugs -- 6.4.2.2 Consumables -- 6.4.2.3 IT Equipment -- 6.4.2.4 Emergency Equipment -- 6.4.2.5 Defibrillator -- 6.4.2.6 Pacing Equipment -- 6.4.2.7 Mechanical Chest Compression Device -- 6.4.2.8 Intra-aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) -- 6.4.2.9 Ventricular Support Devices -- 6.4.3 Adjunctive Devices -- 6.4.3.1 Rotational Atherectomy -- 6.4.3.2 Intravascular Imaging: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) -- References -- 7: Patient Preparation, Vascular Access, and Guiding Catheter Selection -- 7.1 Patient Preparation -- 7.1.1 Changing Clothes -- 7.1.2 Medication -- 7.1.2.1 Dual Antiplatelet Therapy -- 7.1.2.2 Metformin -- 7.1.3 Contrast Medium Allergy -- 7.1.4 Chronic Kidney Disease -- 7.1.5 Anemia -- 7.1.6 Blood Pressure/Oxygen Saturation Monitor/Venous Route -- 7.1.7 Emergency Cases -- 7.2 Vascular Access -- 7.2.1 Access site -- 7.2.2 Sheath Size -- 7.2.3 Femoral Artery Puncture -- 7.2.4 Radial Artery Puncture -- 7.2.4.1 Ultrasound-Guided Radial Puncture -- 7.2.4.2 Infrared Light-guided Puncture -- 7.2.5 Radial Artery Puncture in Cardiopulmonary Arrest -- 7.2.5.1 Angiography-guided Radial Artery Puncture -- 7.2.5.2 Kenzan Technique -- 7.2.6 Distal Radial Artery Puncture/Proximal Palm Artery Puncture -- 7.3 Guiding Catheter Selection -- 7.4 Left Coronary Artery -- 7.4.1 Judkins Left -- 7.4.2 Ikari Left -- 7.4.2.1 Engagement Maneuver of Ikari Left -- 7.4.2.2 Tips to Increase Backup Force in Ikari L (Power Position) -- 7.4.2.3 Size of Ikari L -- 7.4.3 Long-tip Catheters as Voda/EBU/XB Type -- 7.4.4 Right Coronary Artery -- 7.4.4.1 Ikari L for Right Coronary Artery -- 7.4.4.2 Amplatz L for Right Coronary Artery -- 7.5 Benefits of Universal Guiding Catheters -- 7.6 Case Report: Primary PCI Using an Ikari Guide.

7.6.1 Introduction -- 7.6.2 Case Report -- 7.6.3 Summary -- References -- 8: Dual Antiplatelet and Glycoprotein Inhibitors in Emergency PCI -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Aspirin -- 8.2.1 Evidence of Aspirin in Myocardial Infarction and PCI -- 8.2.2 Aspirin Dosing -- 8.3 P2Y12 Inhibitors -- 8.3.1 Evidence for P2Y12 Inhibitor in MI and PCI -- 8.3.2 P2Y12 Inhibitor Dosing -- 8.4 Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors -- 8.4.1 Evidence for GPIIb/IIIa Inhibitors in MI and PCI -- 8.4.2 Dosing -- 8.5 Recommended Treatment Algorithms from Consensus Guidelines [14, 15] -- 8.6 Summary -- References -- 9: Anticoagulants and Primary PCI -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Rationale for the Use of Anticoagulant Therapy -- 9.3 Classes of Anticoagulant -- 9.3.1 Unfractionated Heparin and STEMI -- 9.3.2 Low-molecular Weight Heparins and STEMI -- 9.3.3 Direct Thrombin Inhibitors and STEMI -- 9.4 Monitoring of Intensity of Anticoagulation in the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory -- 9.4.1 Unfractionated Heparin -- 9.4.2 Low Molecular Weight Heparin -- 9.4.3 Bivalirudin -- 9.5 Approach to the Patient Who Has Received Anticoagulation Prior to Primary PCI -- 9.6 Role of Anticoagulation Following Successful PCI -- 9.7 Summary -- References -- 10: Management of Intracoronary Thrombus -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Pathophysiology of Intracoronary Thrombus Formation -- 10.2.1 Grading Coronary Thrombus -- 10.2.2 Intracoronary Thrombus and Clinical Outcomes -- 10.3 Management -- 10.3.1 Pharmacological Interventions -- 10.4 Thrombectomy -- 10.4.1 Thrombectomy Systems -- 10.4.2 Suggested Technique for Manual Thrombectomy -- 10.5 Other Causes of Intracoronary Thrombus Formation in STEMI Patients -- 10.6 Stenting Strategy -- 10.6.1 Deferred Stenting -- 10.7 Conclusion -- 10.8 Case Report: Heavy Thrombus Load in Primary PCI -- 10.8.1 History.

10.8.2 Management -- 10.8.3 Outcome -- 10.9 Acute STEMI with Extensive Thrombus: An Illustrative Case -- 10.9.1 Introduction -- 10.9.2 Case Report -- 10.9.3 Discussion -- References -- 11: Is There a Role for Bare-Metal Stents in Current STEMI Care? -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Bare-Metal Stents -- 11.3 Drug-Eluting Stents -- 11.3.1 Anti-proliferative Drugs -- 11.3.2 Polymers -- 11.4 DES vs. BMS for Primary PCI -- 11.4.1 Stent Thrombosis -- 11.4.2 DAPT Duration -- 11.4.3 Atrial Fibrillation -- 11.4.4 Elderly Patients -- 11.4.5 Cost -- 11.5 Summary and Recommendations -- 11.6 Case Report: Primary PCI with Direct Stenting in Patient with Inferior Myocardial Infarction -- 11.6.1 Introduction -- Further Readings -- 12: Drug-Coated Balloons in STEMI -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Drug-coated Balloons -- 12.3 Evidence for DCB Angioplasty in PPCI -- 12.3.1 No Mortality Benefit with Stents -- 12.3.2 Risk of Stent Thrombosis -- 12.3.3 Inadequate Time to Know Patient's History -- 12.3.4 Avoidance of Long Stents in PPCI -- 12.4 Technical Tips and Tricks with DCB-Only Angioplasty in Primary PCI -- 12.4.1 Lesion Preparation -- 12.4.2 Drug Delivery -- 12.5 Conclusion -- 12.6 Primary PCI of RCA with Drug-Coated Balloon Angioplasty -- 12.6.1 History -- 12.6.2 Baseline Coronary Angiography -- 12.6.3 Procedure -- 12.6.4 Restudy Angiogram -- References -- 13: Culprit-Only Artery Versus Multivessel Disease -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.1.1 Revascularization Strategies for STEMI Patients with MV CAD -- 13.1.2 Randomized Trials -- 13.1.2.1 PRAMI -- 13.1.2.2 CvLPRIT -- 13.1.2.3 DANAMI-3 PRIMULTI -- 13.1.2.4 COMPARE-ACUTE Trial -- 13.1.3 Safety of Complete Revascularization -- 13.1.4 Timing of Revascularization -- 13.1.5 Trials on the Horizon -- 13.2 State of the Art: Current Recommendations -- 13.3 Role of Fractional Flow Reserve.

13.4 Prognostic Value of Complete Revascularization.