Child Development with the D-Score.

• Author: Buuren, Stef van.
• TeilnehmendeR: Eekhout, Iris.
• Place / Publishing House: Milton : : Taylor & Francis Group,, 2023.; Ã2023.
• Year of Publication: 2023
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (205 pages)

Children learn to walk, speak, and think at an astonishing pace. The D-score presents a unified framework that places children and their developmental milestones from different tools onto the same scale, enabling comparisons in child development across populations, groups and individuals.

Table of Contents

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of illustrations -- List of contributors -- Preface -- 1. Child development with the D-score: turning milestones into measurement -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.1.1 First 1000 days -- 1.1.2 Relevance of child development -- 1.1.3 Stunting as proxy for child development -- 1.1.4 Measuring neurocognitive development -- 1.1.5 Why this chapter? -- 1.1.6 Intended audience -- 1.2 Short history -- 1.2.1 What is child development? -- 1.2.2 Theories of child development -- 1.2.3 Example of motor development -- 1.2.4 Typical questions asked in child development -- 1.3 Quantifying child development -- 1.3.1 Age-based measurement of development -- 1.3.2 Probability-based measurement -- 1.3.3 Score-based measurement of development -- 1.3.4 Unit-based measurement of development -- 1.3.5 A unified framework -- 1.3.6 Why unit-based measurement? -- 1.4 The D-score -- 1.4.1 The Dutch Development Instrument (DDI) -- 1.4.2 Probability of passing a milestone given age -- 1.4.3 Probability of passing a milestone given D-score -- 1.4.4 Relation between age and the D-score -- 1.4.5 Measurement model for the D-score -- 1.4.6 Item response functions -- 1.4.7 Engelhard criteria for invariant measurement -- 1.4.8 Why take the Rasch model? -- 1.5 Computation -- 1.5.1 Identify nature of the problem -- 1.5.2 Item parameter estimation -- 1.5.3 Estimation of the D-score -- 1.5.4 Age-conditional references -- 1.6 Evaluation -- 1.6.1 Item fit -- 1.6.2 Person fit -- 1.6.3 Differential item functioning (DIF) -- 1.6.4 Item information -- 1.6.5 Reliability -- 1.7 Validity -- 1.7.1 Internal validity -- 1.7.2 External validity -- 1.8 Precision -- 1.8.1 SMOCC design: Standard and additional milestones -- 1.8.2 D-score from short tests -- 1.8.3 Impact of short tests on predicting IQ -- 1.9 Three studies.

1.9.1 SMOCC study -- 1.9.2 POPS study -- 1.9.3 TOGO study -- 1.9.4 Conclusions -- 1.10 Next steps -- 1.10.1 Usefulness of D-score for monitoring child health -- 1.10.2 D-chart, a growth chart for child development -- 1.10.3 Opportunities for early intervention -- 1.10.4 D-score for international settings -- 1.10.5 D-score from existing instruments -- 1.10.6 Creating new instruments for D-score -- 1.11 Appendices -- A - Notation -- B - Technical information -- Data availability -- Underlying data -- Note -- References -- 2. Child development with the D-score: tuning instruments to unity -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.1.1 Previous work on the D-score -- 2.1.2 What this volume is about -- 2.1.3 Relevance of the work -- 2.1.4 Why this chapter? -- 2.1.5 Intended audience -- 2.2 Data -- 2.2.1 Overview of cohorts and instruments -- 2.2.2 Cohort descriptions -- 2.2.3 Instruments -- 2.3 Comparability -- 2.3.1 Are instruments connected? -- 2.3.2 Bridging instruments by mapping items -- 2.3.3 Age profile of item mappings -- 2.4 Equate groups -- 2.4.1 What is an equate group? -- 2.4.2 Concurrent calibration -- 2.4.3 Strategy to form and test equate groups -- 2.4.4 Parameter estimation with equate groups -- 2.4.5 Common latent scale -- 2.4.6 Quantifying equate fit -- 2.4.7 Differential item functioning -- 2.5 Modelling equates -- 2.5.1 GCDG data: design and description -- 2.5.2 Modelling strategies -- 2.5.3 Impact of number of active equate groups -- 2.5.4 Age profiles of similar milestones -- 2.5.5 Quality of equate groups -- 2.5.6 Milestone selection -- 2.5.7 Other modelling actions -- 2.5.8 Item information -- 2.5.9 Final model -- 2.6 Comparing ability -- 2.6.1 Comparing child development across studies -- 2.6.2 Precision of the D-score -- 2.6.3 Domain coverage -- 2.7 Application I: tracking a Sustainable Development Goal.

2.7.1 Estimating SDG 4.2.1 indicator from existing data -- 2.7.2 Defining developmentally on track -- 2.7.3 Country-level estimations -- 2.7.4 Off-track development and stunted growth -- 2.8 Application II: who is on-track? -- 2.8.1 What determines who is developmentally on-track? -- 2.8.2 Factors that impact child development -- 2.9 Discussion -- 2.9.1 D-score from multiple instruments -- 2.9.2 Variability within and between cohorts -- 2.9.3 D-score for international comparisons -- 2.9.4 Better measurement -- 2.10 Appendices -- UNDERLYING DATA -- A - Abbreviations -- B - Notation -- Data availability -- Underlying data -- Acknowledgements -- Note -- References -- Index.