Rangeland Wildlife Ecology and Conservation.

• Author: McNew, Lance B.
• TeilnehmendeR: Dahlgren, David K.; Beck, Jeffrey L.
• Place / Publishing House: Cham : : Springer International Publishing AG,, 2023.; ©2023.
• Year of Publication: 2023
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (1017 pages)

Table of Contents

Intro -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- 1 Introduction to Rangeland Wildlife Ecology and Conservation -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 What This Book Is -- 1.3 What This Book Is Not -- 1.4 Organization -- References -- Part I Rangeland Ecosystems and Processes -- 2 Rangeland Ecoregions of Western North America -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Rangelands East of the Rocky Mountains -- 2.2.1 Great Plains Prairie Grasslands -- 2.2.2 Savannas and Parklands -- 2.3 Rangelands West of the Rocky Mountains -- 2.3.1 Rangeland Regions Receiving Precipitation as Winter Rain -- 2.3.2 Rangeland Regions Receiving Precipitation as Winter Snow -- 2.3.3 Rangeland Regions Receiving Precipitation as Summer Rain -- Appendix -- References -- 3 A History of North American Rangelands -- 3.1 Introduction: Rangelands and History -- 3.2 The Late Indigenous Period -- 3.3 Fur Trading -- 3.4 Livestock -- 3.5 U.S. Expansion, Conquest and Settlement -- 3.5.1 The Open Range and the Cattle Boom -- 3.5.2 Landownership -- 3.6 The Western Range -- 3.7 Environmentalism and (Ex)urbanization -- 3.8 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Western Rangeland Livestock Production Systems and Grazing Management -- 4.1 Western Forage-Based Livestock Production Systems -- 4.1.1 Kinds and Classes of Livestock -- 4.1.2 Public Land Ownership in the Western U.S. -- 4.2 Great Plains and Western Rangeland Livestock Management Techniques and Systems -- 4.3 Wild and Domestic Ruminant Ecology -- 4.4 Grazing Systems and Season of Use -- 4.5 Ruminant Animal Grazing Behavior -- 4.6 Other Disturbance Factors -- 4.7 Interactive Effects with Wildlife -- 4.8 Sustainable Livestock Systems of the Future -- References -- 5 Manipulation of Rangeland Wildlife Habitats -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Concepts -- 5.2.1 What is Rangeland Wildlife Habitat? -- 5.2.2 Climate, Weather, and Soil Influences on Rangeland Communities.

5.2.3 Rangeland Vegetation Dynamics -- 5.2.4 Point-Based Versus Process-Based Habitat Management -- 5.3 Landscape Context for Wildlife Habitat Manipulations -- 5.3.1 Rangeland Loss and Fragmentation -- 5.3.2 Broad-Scale Decisions -- 5.4 Site-Scale Habitat Manipulations -- 5.4.1 Develop Site-Specific Management and Sampling Objectives -- 5.4.2 Consider Ecological Site Characteristics -- 5.4.3 Determine Land Use and Disturbance History -- 5.4.4 Consider the Role of Pre- and Post-treatment Weather -- 5.4.5 Evaluate Plant Removal Methods and Associated Effects -- 5.4.6 Effectiveness Monitoring for Adaptive Resource Management -- 5.5 Conclusions -- References -- 6 Role and Management of Fire in Rangelands -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Cultural Fire Eras on North American Rangelands -- 6.2.1 The 'Coexistence Era' of Fire Management -- 6.2.2 The 'Suppression and Wildfire Eras' of Fire Management -- 6.2.3 The 'Contemporary Era' of Fire Management -- 6.3 Influence of Fire on Wildlife Habitat -- 6.3.1 Understanding First-Order and Second-Order Fire Effects -- 6.3.2 Control of Invasive Plants with Prescribed Burning -- 6.3.3 Spatial Scales of Fire-Akin to Wildlife Home Range Size -- 6.4 Competing Ideologies for Future Fire Management -- 6.4.1 Ideology 1: 'Rangeland Zoos' -- 6.4.2 Ideology 2: 'Managed Ecosystem-Homogeneity Paradigm' -- 6.4.3 Ideology 3: 'Managed Ecosystems-Heterogeneity Paradigm' -- 6.4.4 Ideology 4: 'Wilderness Area-Protectionist Paradigm' -- 6.4.5 Ideology 5: 'Living Landscape' -- 6.4.6 Practical Applications of Competing Ideologies -- 6.5 Conclusions -- References -- 7 Water Is Life: Importance and Management of Riparian Areas for Rangeland Wildlife -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 What Are Riparian Areas and Why Are They Important? -- 7.3 Reading the Riparian Landscape -- 7.4 Ecology of Riparian Areas -- 7.4.1 Vegetation.

7.4.2 Beavers: Ecosystem Engineers -- 7.4.3 Riparian Functions for Wildlife -- 7.5 Management and Restoration -- 7.5.1 Grazing Management -- 7.5.2 Protection and Restoration -- 7.6 Summary -- References -- 8 Rangeland Biodiversity -- 8.1 Overview -- 8.2 Processes that Influence Rangeland Biodiversity -- 8.2.1 Climate -- 8.2.2 Soils -- 8.2.3 Herbivory -- 8.2.4 Fire -- 8.2.5 Other Disturbances -- 8.2.6 Interactions Among Drivers -- 8.3 Methods for Evaluation and Monitoring Biodiversity -- 8.4 Managing Rangelands for Biodiversity -- 8.4.1 Brief History -- 8.4.2 Shifting Paradigms -- 8.5 Threats -- 8.5.1 Climate Change -- 8.5.2 Habitat Loss and Overexploitation -- 8.5.3 Invasive Plants -- 8.5.4 Woody Encroachment in Rangelands -- 8.6 Looking Ahead -- References -- Part II Species Accounts -- 9 Prairie Grouse -- 9.1 General Life History and Population Dynamics -- 9.1.1 Lekking -- 9.1.2 Nesting -- 9.1.3 Brood-Rearing -- 9.1.4 Chick Survival -- 9.1.5 Non-breeding -- 9.1.6 Survival -- 9.1.7 Seasonal Movements and Dispersal -- 9.1.8 Population Dynamics -- 9.2 Current Species and Population Status -- 9.2.1 Greater Prairie-Chickens -- 9.2.2 Lesser Prairie-Chickens -- 9.2.3 Sharp-Tailed Grouse -- 9.3 Population Monitoring -- 9.3.1 Lek Surveys -- 9.3.2 Harvest Surveys -- 9.3.3 Wing and Feather Collections -- 9.3.4 Combining Multiple Datasets -- 9.4 Habitat Associations -- 9.4.1 Greater Prairie-Chickens -- 9.4.2 Lesser Prairie-Chickens -- 9.4.3 Sharp-Tailed Grouse -- 9.5 Rangeland Management -- 9.5.1 Livestock Grazing -- 9.5.2 Fire -- 9.5.3 Managing for Heterogeneity -- 9.6 Effects of Disease -- 9.7 Ecosystem Threats -- 9.7.1 Habitat Conversion -- 9.7.2 Energy Development -- 9.7.3 Invasive Species -- 9.7.4 Climate Change -- 9.8 Conservation and Management Actions -- 9.8.1 Reversing the Loss and Fragmentation of Grassland -- 9.8.2 Habitat Management.

9.8.3 Standardizing Population Monitoring -- 9.8.4 Research Needs -- References -- 10 Sage-Grouse -- 10.1 General Life History and Population Dynamics -- 10.2 Species and Population Status -- 10.2.1 Historical Versus Current Distributions, Conservation Status -- 10.2.2 Monitoring -- 10.3 Habitat Associations -- 10.3.1 Historical/Evolutionary -- 10.3.2 Contemporary -- 10.4 Rangeland Management -- 10.4.1 Livestock Grazing and Grass Height -- 10.4.2 Improper Grazing -- 10.4.3 Mesic Resources -- 10.4.4 Fencing -- 10.4.5 Habitat Alteration Treatments -- 10.4.6 Feral Equids -- 10.4.7 Ravens -- 10.5 Effects of Disease -- 10.5.1 General Concerns for Populations -- 10.5.2 Diseases as Associated with Livestock -- 10.6 Ecosystem Threats -- 10.6.1 Altered Fire Regimes -- 10.6.2 Invasion from Exotic Annual Grasses -- 10.6.3 Conifer Encroachment -- 10.6.4 Sagebrush Conversion and Seeding Introduced Grasses -- 10.6.5 Exurban Development -- 10.6.6 Energy Development -- 10.6.7 Climate Change -- 10.7 Conservation and Management Actions -- 10.7.1 Private Lands -- 10.7.2 Public Lands -- 10.8 Research/Management Needs -- References -- 11 Quails -- 11.1 General Life History and Population Dynamics -- 11.1.1 Nesting -- 11.1.2 Brood-Rearing -- 11.1.3 Brood Success and Chick Survival -- 11.1.4 Non-breeding -- 11.1.5 Survival and Sources of Mortality -- 11.1.6 Seasonal Movements and Dispersal -- 11.1.7 Population Dynamics -- 11.2 Current Species and Population Status -- 11.2.1 Northern Bobwhite -- 11.2.2 Scaled Quail -- 11.2.3 Gambel's Quail -- 11.2.4 California Quail -- 11.2.5 Montezuma Quail -- 11.2.6 Mountain Quail -- 11.3 Population Monitoring -- 11.3.1 National and Regional Level -- 11.3.2 Ecoregion and Site Level -- 11.4 Habitat Associations -- 11.4.1 Northern Bobwhite -- 11.4.2 Scaled Quail, Gambel's Quail, and Masked Bobwhite -- 11.4.3 California Quail.

11.4.4 Montezuma Quail -- 11.4.5 Mountain Quail -- 11.5 Rangeland Management -- 11.5.1 Livestock Grazing -- 11.5.2 Other Rangeland Management Practices -- 11.6 Effects of Disease -- 11.6.1 Microparasites -- 11.6.2 Macroparasites -- 11.7 Ecosystem Threats -- 11.7.1 Habitat Loss -- 11.7.2 Invasive Species -- 11.7.3 Climate Change -- 11.8 Conservation and Management Actions -- 11.8.1 Conservation Programs for Public Rangelands -- 11.8.2 Conservation Programs for Private Rangelands -- 11.8.3 Conservation Partnerships -- 11.9 Research Needs -- References -- 12 Rangeland Songbirds -- 12.1 Life/Natural History and Population Dynamics -- 12.1.1 Nesting -- 12.1.2 Post-fledging -- 12.1.3 Non-breeding -- 12.1.4 Survival and Sources of Mortality -- 12.1.5 Seasonal Movements and Dispersal -- 12.1.6 Population Dynamics -- 12.2 Current Species and Population Status -- 12.3 Population Monitoring -- 12.4 Habitat Associations -- 12.5 Rangeland Management -- 12.5.1 Grazing -- 12.5.2 Fire -- 12.5.3 Mowing -- 12.5.4 Managing for Heterogeneity -- 12.6 Disease -- 12.7 Ecosystem Threats -- 12.7.1 Habitat Conversion and Alteration -- 12.7.2 Energy Development -- 12.7.3 Invasive Species -- 12.7.4 Climate Change -- 12.8 Conservation and Management Actions -- 12.8.1 Reversing the Loss and Fragmentation of Native Grasslands and Shrublands -- 12.8.2 Habitat Management -- 12.9 Research and Management Needs -- References -- 13 Waterfowl and Wetland Birds -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Wetland Systems -- 13.2.1 Flyway Wetlands -- 13.3 Life History, Annual Cycle, and Population Dynamics -- 13.3.1 Nest and Female Survival -- 13.3.2 Juvenile Survival -- 13.3.3 Post-breeding Survival and Migration -- 13.3.4 Spring Migration -- 13.4 Current Species Population Status and Monitoring -- 13.4.1 Monitoring Programs -- 13.4.2 Waterfowl -- 13.4.3 Shorebirds -- 13.4.4 Waterbirds.

13.5 Habitat Associations.