The Energy Sector and Energy Geopolitics in the MENA Region at a Crossroad : : Towards a Great Transformation?

• Superior document: Perspectives on Development in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region Series
• Author: Hafner, Manfred.
• TeilnehmendeR: Raimondi, Pier Paolo.; Bonometti, Benedetta.
• Place / Publishing House: Cham : : Springer International Publishing AG,, 2023.; ©2023.
• Year of Publication: 2023
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Series: Perspectives on Development in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region Series
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (430 pages)

Table of Contents

Intro -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Part I Context and Drivers for the Regional Energy Transformation -- 1 The MENA Region: An Economic, Energy, and Historical Context -- 1.1 Demography -- 1.2 Economy -- 1.3 Energy -- 1.4 History -- Bibliography -- 2 Domestic and International Drivers and Challenges for the Energy Transformation in the MENA Region -- 2.1 The Role of Oil Rents: Economic Dependence -- 2.2 The Prevalence of the Public Sector and Cheap Labor -- 2.3 Energy Subsidies: A Pervasive and Unsustainable Role -- 2.4 Growing Domestic Energy Demand and Water-Energy Nexus -- 2.5 Rentier State and Governance: The Consolidation of Rulers -- 2.6 External Drivers and Challenges -- 2.6.1 The International Climate Policy and Regime -- 2.6.2 The MENA Region, Climate Change and Policy: The Domestic Dimension -- 2.6.3 Oil and Natural Gas Demand in a Decarbonized World: Peak Demand for Oil and More Pressure for Natural Gas -- Bibliography -- Part II The Energy Sector in the MENA Region at a Crossroad -- 3 National Energy Sectors: Historical Evolution and Current Situation -- 3.1 The Arabian-Persian Gulf -- 3.1.1 Saudi Arabia -- 3.1.2 UAE and Qatar -- 3.1.3 Other GCC Countries: Bahrain, Kuwait and Oman -- 3.1.4 Iran -- 3.2 Mashreq -- 3.2.1 Jordan and Lebanon -- 3.2.2 Egypt -- 3.2.3 Israel and Palestine -- 3.2.4 Iraq and Syria -- 3.3 Maghreb -- 3.3.1 Algeria -- 3.3.2 Libya -- 3.3.3 Tunisia and Morocco -- Bibliography -- 4 Low-Carbon Energy Strategies in MENA Countries -- 4.1 Drivers of the Low-Carbon Energy Push in MENA Countries -- 4.2 The Arabian-Persian Gulf -- 4.2.1 Saudi Arabia -- 4.2.2 United Arab Emirates -- 4.2.3 Qatar -- 4.2.4 Oman and Bahrain -- 4.2.5 Kuwait -- 4.2.6 Iran -- 4.3 Mashreq -- 4.3.1 Jordan and Lebanon -- 4.3.2 Egypt -- 4.3.3 Israel and Palestine -- 4.4 Maghreb -- 4.4.1 Algeria.

4.4.2 Tunisia -- 4.4.3 Morocco -- Bibliography -- Part III Energy Geopolitics in the MENA Region -- 5 Geopolitics of Oil and Gas in the MENA Region -- 5.1 The Arabian-Persian Gulf -- 5.1.1 Global Oil Markets Evolutions and the Major Developments in the Middle East -- 5.1.2 GCC Crisis: Political Causes and Energy Implications -- 5.1.3 GCC Versus Iran -- 5.2 Mashreq -- 5.2.1 Oil and Gas Sector in Conflict Countries: Iraq and Syria -- 5.2.2 East Med Gas: A Potential Gas Export Hub -- 5.3 Maghreb -- 5.3.1 Algeria -- 5.3.2 Libya -- Bibliography -- 6 Geopolitics of the Energy Transformation in the MENA Region -- 6.1 Geopolitical Impacts of the Changing Global Energy Landscape on the MENA Region -- 6.2 Key Factors Determining the Future Geopolitical Role of MENA Oil and Gas Exporters -- 6.2.1 Oil and Gas: Different Scenarios, but with Some Common Long-Term Challenges -- 6.2.2 Energy Transition: Not with the Same Pace Across the Globe -- 6.2.3 Export Portfolio Composition and Its Diversification -- 6.2.4 Competition Will Remain and Increase in a Constrained Demand World -- 6.2.5 Low-Production Costs and Carbon Intensity Rate -- 6.3 Key Domestic Factors Determining the Future Geopolitical Role of MENA Countries -- 6.3.1 Population Growth Outlook -- 6.3.2 Governing and Financing the Transformation -- 6.4 Energy Opportunities and Strategies for a Future Geopolitical Role of MENA Countries -- 6.4.1 Energy Transition in the Domestic Energy Sector: Natural Gas and RES -- 6.4.2 Decarbonized Products: Electricity and Hydrogen -- 6.4.3 International Cooperation with Key Energy Geoeconomic Blocs -- Bibliography -- Part IV Overall Conclusions -- 7 Conclusions on the Transformation of the Energy Sector and the Energy Geopolitics -- 7.1 Multiple Challenges Entail Transformation? -- 7.2 Transforming the Energy Sector -- 7.2.1 Growing Ambition of Renewable Energy Targets.

7.2.2 Common Ambitions but Different Preferences on Low-Carbon Technologies and Solutions -- 7.2.3 Ambition Versus Reality -- 7.2.4 Factors for Slower Implementation -- 7.2.5 Energy Transformation Entails Substantial Social and Economic Transformation? -- 7.3 Transforming Geopolitical Factors -- 7.3.1 Conflicts and Hydrocarbons -- 7.3.2 Old and New Players-A Regional and International Realignment? -- 7.3.3 Evolving Geopolitics Alongside with the Energy Transition -- 7.3.4 Net-Zero does not mean the end of Petrostates- Strengthening the Competitive Advantages -- 7.3.5 New Opportunities and Strategies for Geopolitical Relevance for All MENA Countries: Decarbonized Products and International Cooperation -- Bibliography.