Requirements Engineering for Safety-Critical Systems.

• Author: Martins, Luiz Eduardo G.
• Place / Publishing House: Aalborg : : River Publishers,, 2021.; Ã2021.
• Year of Publication: 2021
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (230 pages)

Table of Contents

• Front Cover
• Requirements Engineering for Safety-Critical Systems
• Contents
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• List of Figures
• List of Tables
• List of Abbreviations
• 1 Introduction
• 2 The Role of the Safety and Hazard Analysis
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Foundations of Safety Engineering
• 2.2.1 The Threats: Faults, Errors, and Failures
• 2.2.2 Safety Concepts
• 2.3 A Method for Safety and Hazard Analysis
• 2.3.1 Step 1: Hazards Identification
• 2.3.2 Fault-Tree Analysis (FTA)
• 2.3.3 HAZOP
• 2.3.4 STAMP/STPA
• 2.4 Step 2: Hazards Evaluation
• 2.4.1 Step 3: Risk Analysis
• 2.5 Safety-related Requirements Specification
• 2.5.1 The Means to Obtain Safety
• 2.5.2 Model-driven Approaches
• 2.5.3 Textual-driven Approaches
• 2.5.4 Model-driven Approaches Combined with Natural Language Specification
• 2.5.5 Ontological Approach to Elicit Safety Requirements
• 2.6 Conclusions
• References
• 3 Integrating New and Traditional Approaches of Safety Analysis
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Background and Related Work
• 3.2.1 Background
• 3.2.2 Related Work
• 3.3 Traditional Approaches
• 3.3.1 FMEA: Failure Mode and Effect Analysis
• 3.3.2 FTA: Fault Tree Analysis
• 3.4 New Approaches
• 3.4.1 STAMP
• 3.4.2 STPA
• 3.5 Integration Between New and Traditional Approaches
• 3.6 Conclusion
• References
• 4 Agile Requirements Engineering
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Agile Methods
• 4.2.1 Scrum
• 4.2.2 XP
• 4.3 Agile Requirements Engineering in SCS
• 4.3.1 Requirements Elicitation
• 4.3.2 Requirements Analysis and Negotiation
• 4.3.3 Requirements Specification
• 4.3.4 Requirements Validation
• 4.3.5 Requirements Management
• 4.4 Traditional x Agile Requirements Engineering
• 4.5 Case Studies
• 4.5.1 Pharmaceutical Company
• 4.5.2 Avionics Company
• 4.6 Conclusions
• References.
• 5 A Comparative Study of Requirements-Based Testing Approaches
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Background and Related Work
• 5.3 Experiment Design
• 5.4 Results and Discussion
• 5.5 Conclusions
• 5.6 Future Work
• References
• 6 Requirements Engineering in Aircraft Systems, Hardware, Software, and Database Development
• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 Aviation Standards
• 6.2.1 SAE ARP 4754A
• 6.2.2 RTCA DO-297
• 6.2.3 RTCA DO-178C
• 6.2.4 RTCA DO-254
• 6.2.5 RTCA DO-200B
• 6.3 Requirements Engineering in Aviation
• 6.3.1 Certification Requirements
• 6.3.2 Aircraft and System Requirements
• 6.4 Software Requirements
• 6.4.1 Model-Based Software Requirements
• 6.4.2 Software Requirements Using Object-Oriented Technology
• 6.4.3 Software Requirements Using Formal Methods
• 6.5 Hardware Requirements
• 6.5.1 Onboard Database Requirements
• 6.5.2 Parameter Data Items
• 6.5.3 Aeronautical Databases
• 6.6 Conclusion
• References
• 7 Generating Safety Requirements for Medical Equipment
• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 Related Works
• 7.3 Framework for Integration of Risk Management Process
• 7.3.1 Risk Management Process According to ISO 14971
• 7.3.2 Framework Description.
• 7.3.2.1 Equipment Functions
• 7.3.2.2 Hazardous Situations Level 1
• 7.3.2.3 Equipment Architecture
• 7.3.2.4 Risk Evaluation and Control Level 1
• 7.3.2.5 Development of Components
• 7.3.2.6 Hazardous Situations Level 2 Evaluation and Risk Control
• 7.4 Conclusion
• References
• 8 Meta-Requirements for Space Systems
• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 Requirements Engineering in Space Systems
• 8.2.1 Requirements in Space Systems
• 8.2.2 Meta-Requirements in Space Systems
• 8.2.3 Requirement Engineering Process in Space Systems
• 8.3 Meta-requirements Selected to Space Systems
• 8.3.1 Accuracy
• 8.3.2 Availability
• 8.3.3 Completeness
• 8.3.4 Consistency.
• 8.3.5 Correctness
• 8.3.6 Efficiency
• 8.3.7 Failure Tolerance
• 8.3.8 Maintainability
• 8.3.9 Modularity
• 8.3.10 Portability
• 8.3.11 Reliability
• 8.3.12 Recoverability
• 8.3.13 Robustness
• 8.3.14 Safety
• 8.3.15 Security
• 8.3.16 Self-description
• 8.3.17 Simplicity
• 8.3.18 Stability
• 8.3.19 Survivability
• 8.3.20 Testability
• 8.3.21 Traceability
• 8.4 Conclusion
• References
• 9 The Role of Requirements Engineering in Safety Cases
• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.2 Safety Cases
• 9.2.1 Definition
• 9.2.2 Example
• 9.2.3 Development
• 9.3 Requirements Artefacts and Safety Cases
• 9.3.1 Safety Requirements
• 9.3.2 Argumentation patterns
• 9.4 Safety Case Development and Requirements Processes
• 9.4.1 Joint development
• 9.4.2 Traceability
• 9.5 Conclusions
• References
• 10 Safety and Security Requirements Working Together
• 10.1 Introduction
• 10.2 Approaching Safety and Security Requirements
• 10.2.1 Understanding the Stuxnet
• 10.2.2 May Stuxnet Similar Case Also Happen in Aircraft?
• 10.2.3 But are the authorities doing something in this new scenario?
• 10.2.4 Understanding the DO-326A/ED-202A Airworthiness Security Process Specification
• 10.2.5 Why Do We Need Specific Guidelines for Security Requirements?
• 10.2.6 A Practical Example of a Possible Back Door for an Attacker
• 10.2.7 Considering Security Aspects During the Aircraft Development Lifecycle
• 10.2.8 Defining Security Treat Conditions
• 10.2.9 Security Measures
• 10.2.10 Developing Security Requirements
• 10.3 Conclusion
• References
• 11 Requirements Engineering Maturity Model for Safety-Critical Systems
• 11.1 Introduction
• 11.2 A Maturity Model for Safety-Critical Systems
• 11.2.1 Process Area View
• 11.2.2 Maturity Level View
• 11.3 Evaluating the safety processes
• 11.3.1 Assessment Instrument and Tool.
• 11.3.2 Results of a Safety Maturity Assessment
• 11.4 Conclusions
• References
• Index
• About Editors and Authors
• Back Cover.