WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality : : Household Fuel Combustion.

• Author: Organization, World Health.
• Place / Publishing House: Geneva : : World Health Organization,, 2015.; Ã2015.
• Year of Publication: 2015
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (178 pages)

Given the mixed history of success with past intervention projects and programmes and the fact that the 2.8 billion people still relying on traditional solid fuels are the world's poorest 40% it is clear that securing a rapid transition to clean efficient and modern household energy systems for cooking heating lighting and other household uses will be challenging. The overall objective of these guidelines is to inform and support governments and their implementing partners to bring about this transition as quickly and equitably as is feasible. The guidelines focus on the following three areas of policy: . What can realistically be done? This includes the development of a practical tool for selecting the best stove/fuel options based on their emission rates of key health-damaging pollutants. . How clean is clean enough? This examines the best approach for ensuring that during the transition from solid-fuel to cleaner burning fuels those who cannot make an immediate and complete transition to clean modern fuels (e.g. gas electricity) still obtain substantial health benefits in the interim. . What fuels should be restricted or avoided? The primary audience for these guidelines is decision-makers developing implementing and evaluating policy to secure health benefits in the area of household energy with a primary (but not exclusive) focus on low and middle-income countries (LMIC).

Table of Contents

Cover -- Contents -- Foreword -- Glossary -- Acknowledgements -- Executive summary -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 The health burden from household fuel combustion -- 1.2 Scoping questions -- 1.3 WHO guidelines relating to this topic -- 1.4 Target audience -- 2. Guideline development process -- 2.1 Scope of the guidelines -- 2.2 Evidence review -- 2.2.1 Evidence required to address scoping questions -- 2.2.2 Framing of questions -- 2.2.3 Evidence reviews and other information supporting recommendations -- 2.3 From evidence to recommendations -- 2.3.1 Overview -- 2.3.2 The causal chain -- 2.3.3 Assessment of the quality of the evidence -- 2.3.4 Adaptation of the GRADE methodology -- 2.3.5 Determining the strength of recommendations -- 2.3.6 Procedure for group decisions -- 3. Individuals and partners involved in the development of these guidelines -- 3.1 WHO steering group (SG) -- 3.2 Guideline development group (GDG) -- 3.3 External peer-review group (EPRG) -- 3.4 Management of conflicts of interest -- 4. Recommendations -- 4.1 Focus of recommendations -- 4.2 General considerations -- 4.3 Recommendation 1: Emission rate targets -- 4.4 Recommendation 2: Policy during transition to technologies and fuels that meet WHO air quality guidelines -- 4.5 Recommendation 3: Household use of coal -- 4.6 Recommendation 4: Household use of kerosene (paraffn) -- 4.7 Good practice recommendation: securing health and climate co-benefits -- 5. Implementation of the guidelines -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Approach to implementation: collaboration and the role of the health sector -- 5.3 Needs assessment -- 5.4 Intervention options and strategies -- 5.4.1 Roles of clean fuels and lower emission solid fuel stoves -- 5.4.2 Patterns of adoption of newenergy and fuel technologies across society -- 5.4.3 Evaluating intervention options.

5.5 Policy for effective and sustained adoption -- 5.6 Standards, testing and regulation -- 5.7 Monitoring and evaluation: assessing the impact of these guidelines -- 5.8 Research needs -- 6. Updating the guidelines -- 6.1Web-based updates -- 6.2 Updates based on substantial new evidence -- Annex 1: Steering, advisory and external review groups -- Annex 2: Summary of conflict of interest (COI) management -- Annex 3: Summary of evidence reviews -- Annex 4: Recommendation 1 - Emission rate targets: assessment of the quality of the evidence and strength of the recommendation -- Annex 5: Recommendation 2 - Policy during transition: assessment of the quality of the evidence and the strength of the recommendation -- Annex 6: Recommendation 3 - Household use of coal: assessment of the quality of the evidence and the strength of the recommendation -- Annex 7. Recommendation 4 - household use of kerosene: assessment of the quality of the evidence and the strength of the recommendation -- Annex 8: Policy considerations for the best-practice recommendation on climate co-benefits -- Annex 9: International standards and testing facilities -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- K -- L -- M -- N -- P -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W.