Fredrik Pacius
![Fredrik Pacius](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Pacius.jpg)
Pacius was born in Hamburg. He was appointed music teacher at the University of Helsinki in 1834. In Helsinki he founded a musical society, the student choir Akademiska Sångföreningen and an orchestra. In 1848, Pacius wrote the music to the poem "" by Johan Ludvig Runeberg, which was to become commonly accepted as Finland's national anthem. Pacius's music was also used for the Estonian national anthem "Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm" and the Livonian ethnic anthem "Min izāmō, min sindimō".
In 1852, he composed ''Kung Karls jakt'' (''The Hunt of King Charles''), which was the first Finnish opera, with a libretto in the style of Romantic nationalism, like the national anthem designed to convince Finland's grand duke (i.e. the Russian Emperor Nicholas I) of the total loyalty of his subjects in Finland. The libretto was written by the author and historian Zacharias Topelius in close collaboration with the composer.
His compositions also include a violin concerto, a symphony, a string quartet and several other operas.
Pacius died in Helsinki, aged 81. Provided by Wikipedia
1
Published: 1937
Superior document: Acta musica 1
2
Published: 1959
Superior document: Acta musica 3