Charter

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term.

The word entered the English language from the Old French ', via Latin ', and ultimately from Greek ('''', meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges. Provided by Wikipedia