Wolf
![50 px](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Dogs%2C_jackals%2C_wolves%2C_and_foxes_%28Plate_XI%29.jpg)
The wolf (''Canis lupus''; : wolves), also known as the gray wolf or grey wolf, is a large canine native to Eurasia and North America. More than thirty subspecies of ''Canis lupus'' have been recognized, including the dog and dingo, though gray wolves, as popularly understood, only comprise naturally-occurring wild subspecies. The wolf is the largest extant member of the family Canidae, and is further distinguished from other ''Canis'' species by its less pointed ears and muzzle, as well as a shorter torso and a longer tail. The wolf is nonetheless related closely enough to smaller ''Canis'' species, such as the coyote and the golden jackal, to produce fertile hybrids with them. The wolf's fur is usually mottled white, brown, gray, and black, although subspecies in the arctic region may be nearly all white.
Of all members of the genus ''Canis'', the wolf is most specialized for cooperative game hunting as demonstrated by its physical adaptations to tackling large prey, its more social nature, and its highly advanced expressive behaviour, including individual or group howling. It travels in nuclear families consisting of a mated pair accompanied by their offspring. Offspring may leave to form their own packs on the onset of sexual maturity and in response to competition for food within the pack. Wolves are also territorial, and fights over territory are among the principal causes of mortality. The wolf is mainly a carnivore and feeds on large wild hooved mammals as well as smaller animals, livestock, carrion, and garbage. Single wolves or mated pairs typically have higher success rates in hunting than do large packs. Pathogens and parasites, notably the rabies virus, may infect wolves.
The global wild wolf population was estimated to be 300,000 in 2003 and is considered to be of Least Concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Wolves have a long history of interactions with humans, having been despised and hunted in most pastoral communities because of their attacks on livestock, while conversely being respected in some agrarian and hunter-gatherer societies. Although the fear of wolves exists in many human societies, the majority of recorded attacks on people have been attributed to animals suffering from rabies. Wolf attacks on humans are rare because wolves are relatively few, live away from people, and have developed a fear of humans because of their experiences with hunters, farmers, ranchers, and shepherds. Provided by Wikipedia
641
Published: 1988
Superior document: Materialien und Manuskripte / Universität Bremen, Studiengang Geographie 15
642
Published: 2003
Superior document: Enthalten in Advances in cross-national comparison New York [u.a.], 2003 S. 1 - 13
643
Published: 2018
Superior document: Beihefte zum Archiv für Kulturgeschichte Heft 80
Links: Inhaltsverzeichnis
644
Published: [1998]
645
Published: [2016]
646
Published: 1995
Superior document: Schriftenreihe der Österreichischen Kulturdokumentation, Internationales Archiv für Kulturanalysen 3
647
Published: 1988
Superior document: Vorträge / Rheinisch-Westfälische Akademie der Wissenschaften : N, Natur-, Ingenieur- und Wirtschaftswissenschaften 363
648
Published: 1990
Superior document: Sonderdruck aus Archeologia e calcolatori ; 1 (1990)
649
Published: 2021.
650
Published: 2019
Superior document: Sonderdruck aus Rencontres de Vienne (24-27. septembre 2018) Publication du Centre Européen d'Études Bourguignonnes (XIVe - XVIe s.) ; 59 (2019)
651
Published: 2022
Superior document: Ars vitrearum Band 1
652
Published: 1977
Superior document: Erlanger geographische Arbeiten : Sonderband 5
653
654
Published: [2011]
Superior document: Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter DGBA Law - <1990
Links: Get full text; Get full text; Cover
655
Published: [2014]
Superior document: Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter transcript Backlist eBook Package 2000-2013
Links: Get full text; Get full text; Cover
656
Published: [2022]
Superior document: Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter DGBA Physical Sciences <1990
Links: Get full text; Get full text; Cover
657
658
Published: 1981
Superior document: Sonderdruck aus Istanbuler Mitteilungen ; Band 31 (1981)
659
Published: 1986
Superior document: Nachrichten der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Göttingen, Mathematisch-Physikalische Klasse 1986,3
660
Published: 1999
Superior document: Veröffentlichungen der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Geschichte der Pharmazie e.V. N.F., 61
Links: Inhaltsverzeichnis