Hungary
![Carpathian Basin](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Pannonia_t%C3%A9rk%C3%A9p_2._sz%C3%A1zad.jpg)
Prior to the foundation of the Hungarian state, various peoples settled in the territory of present-day Hungary, most notably the Celts, Romans, Huns, Germanic peoples, Avars and Slavs. The Principality of Hungary was established in the late 9th century by Álmos and his son Árpád through the conquest of the Carpathian Basin. King Stephen I ascended the throne in 1000, converting his realm to a Christian kingdom. The medieval Kingdom of Hungary was a European power, reaching its height in the 14th–15th centuries. After a long period of Ottoman wars, Hungary's forces were defeated at the Battle of Mohács and its capital was captured in 1541, opening roughly a 150 years long period when the country was divided into three parts: Royal Hungary loyal to the Habsburgs, Ottoman Hungary and the largely independent Principality of Transylvania. The reunited Hungary came under Habsburg rule at the turn of the 18th century, fighting a war of independence in 1703–1711, and a war of independence in 1848–1849 until a compromise allowed the formation of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy in 1867, a major power into the early 20th century. Austria-Hungary collapsed after World War I, and the subsequent Treaty of Trianon in 1920 established Hungary's current borders, resulting in the loss of 71% of its historical territory, 58% of its population, and 32% of its ethnic Hungarians.
In the interwar period, after initial turmoil, Miklós Horthy ascended as a determining politician, representing the monarchy as regent in place of the Habsburgs. Hungary joined the Axis powers in World War II, suffering significant damage and casualties. As a result, the Hungarian People's Republic was established as a satellite state of the Soviet Union. Following the failed 1956 revolution, Hungary became comparatively freer, but still remained a repressed member of the Eastern Bloc. In 1989, concurrently with the Revolutions of 1989, Hungary peacefully transitioned into a democratic parliamentary republic, joining the European Union in 2004 and being part of the Schengen Area since 2007.
Hungary is a high-income economy with universal health care and tuition-free secondary education. Hungary has a long history of significant contributions to arts, music, literature, sports, science and technology. It is a popular tourist destination in Europe, drawing 24.5 million international tourists in 2019. It is a member of numerous international organisations, including the Council of Europe, NATO, United Nations, World Health Organization, World Trade Organization, World Bank, Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, and the Visegrád Group.
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101
Published: 2014
Superior document: Die Ministerratsprotokolle Österreichs und der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie 1848 - 1918 Ser. 1, Die Protokolle des Österreichischen Ministerrates 1848 - 1867, Abt. 3, Das Ministerium Buol-Schauenstein, Bd. 6
Links: Volltext
102
Published: 2014
Superior document: Die Ministerratsprotokolle Österreichs und der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie 1848 - 1918 Ser. 1, Die Protokolle des Österreichischen Ministerrates 1848 - 1867, Abt. 3, Das Ministerium Buol-Schauenstein, Bd. 6
103
Published: 2003
Superior document: Die Ministerratsprotokolle Österreichs und der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie 1848 - 1918 Ser. 1, Die Protokolle des Österreichischen Ministerrates 1848 - 1867, Abt. 4, Das Ministerium Rechberg, 1
104
Published: 2007
Superior document: Die Ministerratsprotokolle Österreichs und der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie 1848 - 1918 Ser. 1, Die Protokolle des Österreichischen Ministerrates 1848 - 1867, Abt. 4, Das Ministerium Rechberg, 2
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Published: 1884
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“...Österreich-Ungarn Ministerium des Äusseren...”
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“...Österreich-Ungarn Ministerium des Äusseren...”
108
Published: 1868
Superior document: Correspondenzen des Kaiserlich-Königlichen Ministeriums des Äussern auswärtige Angelegenheiten 1
109
Published: 1987
Superior document: Die Ministerratsprotokolle Österreichs und der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie 1848 - 1918 Ser. 1, Die Protokolle des Österreichischen Ministerrates 1848 - 1867, Abt. 3, Das Ministerium Buol-Schauenstein, 4
110
Published: 1993
Superior document: Die Ministerratsprotokolle Österreichs und der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie 1848 - 1918 Ser. 1, Die Protokolle des Österreichischen Ministerrates 1848 - 1867, Abt. 3, Das Ministerium Buol-Schauenstein, 5
111
Published: 1975
Superior document: Die Ministerratsprotokolle Österreichs und der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie 1848 - 1918 Ser. 1, Die Protokolle des Österreichischen Ministerrates 1848 - 1867, Abt. 3, Das Ministerium Buol-Schauenstein, 1
112
Published: 1979
Superior document: Die Ministerratsprotokolle Österreichs und der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie 1848 - 1918 Ser. 1, Die Protokolle des Österreichischen Ministerrates 1848 - 1867, Abt. 3, Das Ministerium Buol-Schauenstein, 2
113
Published: 1975
Superior document: Schriftenreihe / Österreichische Raumordnungskonferenz 7
114
Published: 1970
Superior document: Die Ministerratsprotokolle Österreichs und der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie 1848 - 1918 Ser. 1, Die Protokolle des Österreichischen Ministerrates 1848 - 1867, Einleitungsband
115
Published: 1984
Superior document: Die Ministerratsprotokolle Österreichs und der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie 1848 - 1918 Ser. 1, Die Protokolle des Österreichischen Ministerrates 1848 - 1867, Abt. 3, Das Ministerium Buol-Schauenstein, 3
116
Published: 1977
Superior document: Die Ministerratsprotokolle Österreichs und der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie 1848 - 1918 Ser. 1, Die Protokolle des Österreichischen Ministerrates 1848 - 1867, Abt. 5, Die Ministerien Erzherzog Rainer und Mensdorff, 1
117
Published: 1973
Superior document: Die Ministerratsprotokolle Österreichs und der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie 1848 - 1918 Ser. 1, Die Protokolle des Österreichischen Ministerrates 1848 - 1867, Abt. 6, Das Ministerium Belcredi, 2
118
Published: 1971
Superior document: Die Ministerratsprotokolle Österreichs und der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie 1848 - 1918 Ser. 1, Die Protokolle des Österreichischen Ministerrates 1848 - 1867, Abt. 6, Das Ministerium Belcredi, 1
119
Published: 1986
Superior document: Die Ministerratsprotokolle Österreichs und der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie 1848 - 1918 Ser. 1, Die Protokolle des Österreichischen Ministerrates 1848 - 1867, Abt. 5, Die Ministerien Erzherzog Rainer und Mensdorff, 4
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Superior document: Taschenausgabe der Militärvorschriften ...